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CAUSE. In order to recover damages from a defendant, it is not enough to show that the defendant owed a duty and breached that duty; the breach must also have caused an injury to the defendant. Thus, if a person drinks to excess and drives while impaired, there will be no recovery if the driver arrives home safely without in any way injuring any other person. Cause must also be proximal. In the famous case known as Palsgraff, a woman sued the Long Island Railroad after she was injured when an explosion caused by impropery secured fireworks caused a scale on the platform to fall on her; the court ultimately found that the chain of events leading to the woman's injury was too long, and that the railroad's actions or inactions were not the proximal cause of the woman's injury.
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